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Class 8 Science Study Material

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Coal and Petroleum

Carbonisation is

a) Formation of carbon dioxide.
b) Formation of carbon-monoxide.
c) Burning of coal in presence of oxygen.
d) Conversion of dead vegetation into coal.

✔Answer

✔Solution

Correct Answer Is : Conversion of dead vegetation into coal.

Solution Is : Coal is a fossil fuel. In the soil, under high pressure and temperature, dead plants slowly get converted into coal in the absence of air. The process is called carbonisation.

The main constituent of coal is

a) Nickel.
b) Carbon.
c) Oxygen.
d) Iron.

✔Answer

✔Solution

Correct Answer Is : Carbon.

Solution Is : Coal contains mainly carbon. It also consists of sulphur, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen as impurities.

Ointments are prepared from

a) Lubricating oil.
b) Coke.
c) Bitumen.
d) Paraffin wax.

✔Answer

✔Solution

Correct Answer Is : Paraffin wax.

Solution Is : Paraffin wax is used to prepare ointments. It is also used to make candles and vaseline.

Coal tar is replaced by

a) Tar.
b) Coal gas.
c) Coal.
d) Bitumen.

✔Answer

✔Solution

Correct Answer Is : Bitumen.

Solution Is : These days, bitumen, a petroleum product is used in place of coal-tar for metalling of roads.

The natural resource, which is known as `Black Gold` is

a) Coal.
b) Natural gas.
c) Petroleum.
d) Coal tar.

✔Answer

✔Solution

Correct Answer Is : Petroleum.

Solution Is : The constituents of petroleum are very useful for us. Due to its great commercial importance, petroleum is also called `black gold`.

The one that is known as marsh gas is

a) Ethane.
b) Methane.
c) Propane.
d) Butane.

✔Answer

✔Solution

Correct Answer Is : Methane.

Solution Is : It is a hydrocarbon gas, which is largely composed of methane. It is obtained when organic materials decay in the absence of air.

The process of separating the various constituents of petroleum is called

a) Ionisation.
b) Carbonisation.
c) Refining.
d) Lubrication.

✔Answer

✔Solution

Correct Answer Is : Refining.

Solution Is : Petroleum gas, petrol, diesel, kerosene, paraffin wax and lubricating oil, all are obtained by the refining of petroleum.

The substances obtained from petroleum and natural gas are termed as

a) Chemicals.
b) Petrochemicals.
c) Fuels.
d) Fossil fuels.

✔Answer

✔Solution

Correct Answer Is : Petrochemicals.

Solution Is : Many useful substances are obtained from petroleum and natural gas. These are termed as ?Petrochemicals`. These are used in the manufacture of detergents, fibres (like polyester, nylon, acrylic), polythene and other man-made plastics.

Coal is believed to have been formed about

a) 300 million years ago.
b) 200 million years ago.
c) 100 million years ago.
d) 400 million years ago.

✔Answer

✔Solution

Correct Answer Is : 300 million years ago.

Solution Is : Coal is one of the fuels used to cook food. Earlier, it was used in railway engines to produce steam to run the engine. It is also used in thermal power plants to produce electricity. Coal is also used as a fuel in various industries.

The petrochemical used for making ointments and vaseline is

a) Bitumen.
b) Lubricating oil.
c) Paraffin wax.
d) Diesel.

✔Answer

✔Solution

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Class 8 Science Study Material

Coal and Petroleum

Carbonisation is

Correct Answer Is : Conversion of dead vegetation into coal.

Solution Is : Coal is a fossil fuel. In the soil, under high pressure and temperature, dead plants slowly get converted into coal in the absence of air. The process is called carbonisation.

The main constituent of coal is

Correct Answer Is : Carbon.

Solution Is : Coal contains mainly carbon. It also consists of sulphur, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen as impurities.

Ointments are prepared from

Correct Answer Is : Paraffin wax.

Solution Is : Paraffin wax is used to prepare ointments. It is also used to make candles and vaseline.

Coal tar is replaced by

Correct Answer Is : Bitumen.

Solution Is : These days, bitumen, a petroleum product is used in place of coal-tar for metalling of roads.

The natural resource, which is known as `Black Gold` is

Correct Answer Is : Petroleum.

Solution Is : The constituents of petroleum are very useful for us. Due to its great commercial importance, petroleum is also called `black gold`.

The one that is known as marsh gas is

Correct Answer Is : Methane.

Solution Is : It is a hydrocarbon gas, which is largely composed of methane. It is obtained when organic materials decay in the absence of air.

The process of separating the various constituents of petroleum is called

Correct Answer Is : Refining.

Solution Is : Petroleum gas, petrol, diesel, kerosene, paraffin wax and lubricating oil, all are obtained by the refining of petroleum.

The substances obtained from petroleum and natural gas are termed as

Correct Answer Is : Petrochemicals.

Solution Is : Many useful substances are obtained from petroleum and natural gas. These are termed as ?Petrochemicals`. These are used in the manufacture of detergents, fibres (like polyester, nylon, acrylic), polythene and other man-made plastics.

Coal is believed to have been formed about

Correct Answer Is : 300 million years ago.

Solution Is : Coal is one of the fuels used to cook food. Earlier, it was used in railway engines to produce steam to run the engine. It is also used in thermal power plants to produce electricity. Coal is also used as a fuel in various industries.

The petrochemical used for making ointments and vaseline is

Correct Answer Is : Paraffin wax.

Solution Is : Paraffin wax is used for making ointments, candles and vaseline, etc.

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